DIY DIY EKPM3 Active Cooling for LPFP

ajm8127

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@seb.apprenti

Yeah, that should work. You might need to write your vehicle order (VO) to it with NCSExpert so it knows to use the correct DTC limits and characteristic curve.

The key is the connector color. We need the EKPM2 or EKPM3 with the maroon connectors. The white connectors are for brushless fuel pumps. I also see EKP modules with green connectors on Ebay. They appear to be for M vehicles. Not sure of the technical differences, only going off the item listings.

Control unit variants

Various electric fuel pumps can be operated with the electronic fuel pump control module (EKPS). To do so, there are the following 2 control unit variants:
  • Direct current (DC) version
  • Rotary current (AC) version
With the direct current version, the electric fuel pump is driven by a direct current motor with permanent magnet. With the rotary current version, the electric fuel pump is driven by a brushless three-phase motor with permanent magnet. With the corresponding encoding, it is possible to operate various electric fuel pumps with the relevant variant of the control unit. The two control unit versions are distinguished visually by the colour of their connectors: The direct current variant has a maroon connector, the rotary current version has a white connector.

From: https://www.newtis.info/tisv2/a/en/...y/low-pressure-fuel-system-components/XhflKCR
 

seb.apprenti

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@seb.apprenti

Yeah, that should work. You might need to write your vehicle order (VO) to it with NCSExpert so it knows to use the correct DTC limits and characteristic curve.

The key is the connector color. We need the EKPM2 or EKPM3 with the maroon connectors. The white connectors are for brushless fuel pumps. I also see EKP modules with green connectors on Ebay. They appear to be for M vehicles. Not sure of the technical differences, only going off the item listings.



From: https://www.newtis.info/tisv2/a/en/...y/low-pressure-fuel-system-components/XhflKCR
OK, thanks
I will see that when I have the car so ... for the moment it is still in Dubai;)
 

fmorelli

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I also see EKP modules with green connectors on Ebay. They appear to be for M vehicles. Not sure of the technical differences, only going off the item listings.
Unfortunately none of those dirt cheap or I'd pick one up just to open up the innards. I asked around and none of my shop friends have one sitting around.

Filippo
 

seb.apprenti

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All EKPM3s are not the same, hardware-wise. Firmware revisions exist as well, but right now hardware seems long pole in the tent.

Filippo
View attachment 40752

mine looks a lot like the one on the right apparently, I think it should be good
 

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ajm8127

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@ShocknAwe

Based on the limited testing done the EKPM2 appears to dissipate less power than the EKPM3 at the same pump current. So the EKPM2 should not get as hot. You shouldn't throw away your EKPM3, however. The power dissipated is not enormous even if it is about 43% more than the EKPM2. Getting that heat out of the components and into the ambient environment is key.

In all cases the thermal gap pad should be changed between the EKP circuit board and the base plate. See post 84 for a recommended pad, though other pads will work too. You want something thin (0.5 mm) with a high thermal conductivity (near 16 W/m-K). This pad must be non-conductive.

For all other thermal interfaces where a pad or grease is needed the pad can be conductive (its typically metal-on-metal anyway). This opens the opportunity for graphite pads to be used. Pay attention to the thru-plane thermal conductivity. Grease is probably best because then it is only as think as it needs to be, but grease can be messy. Any place where two surfaces touch use thermal pads or grease to lower thermal resistance.

Heat sinks may or may not be necessary. If using a heat sink orient the fins so the channels between them are vertical. This will allow convection currents to naturally rise through the channels and increase cooling.

In post 84 I added the heat sink directly to the base plate of the EKP, and @NoGuru added a heat sink to the bottom of the mounting bracket in post 97. If adding the heat sink to the bracket it is important to put a thermal pad or grease between the EKP base and the mounting bracket to reduce resistance to heat flow. Ideally the thermal pad or grease would cover the entire mounting surface between the EKP and bracket.

Other chassis have the EKP mounted differently. In the case of an E89 it looks like the chassis itself could be the heat sink with thermal pad or grease between the EKP base plate and the chassis. On the E93 space is tight so a 1/8" x 2" aluminum bar may fit between the EKP and the mounting bracket (with thermal grease or a pad between the EKP and the bar) with the ends extending beyond the module, the longer the better (insert joke here) to increase surface area. Heat sinks could be added to the bar to further increase surface area as space allows (with thermal grease or a pad, of course).

If you want active cooling, stick a fan on the heat sink. Connect the fan power leads to the power input to the module (constant speed) or the power output to the pump (variable speed).

You can put heat sinks on the cases of the components and add a fan to the housing as in post 7, but the parts and the module are designed to flow heat through the circuit board and into the base plate. You probably don't really need the heat sinks in this instance because I suspect most of the heat will be coming off of the PCB as the heat in the components can flow more easily into the PCB than through the component case (lower thermal resistance from the junction to board than from the junction to case). Cut holes in the housing near the connector to allow the hot air to escape. The side near the connector is the hot side.

Changing the switch in the EKPM3 did reduce the power dissipation, but it never got below the EKPM2 so the recommendation here is to buy an EKPM2.

In the end the correct modification is the one that works for you. The exception is the thermal pad between the PCB and base plate. That should always be changed.
 

NoGuru

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Based on my knowledge of building computers using a thermal pad is no bueno, properly applied paste is far superior for heat transfer. I used a non conductive thermal paste: https://www.arctic.ac/en/MX-4/ACTCP00007B . Also it is cheaper and faster to apply.
Computers are stationary, cars have vibration. Also Thermal paste needs to be re-applied every year or two because it can dry out. While the thermal pads may not have the same thermal transfer rating that paste does, they will out last them and they can flex with vibration.
 
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ajm8127

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I'll agree that pastes typically are better than pads for heat transfer. One of the reasons is pastes form a thinner layer. They are typically used between flat surfaces like the heat spreader of a microprocessor and the heat sink. Pastes are not used that often in other electronics (look at the VRM on a motherboard or GPU - pads are used here). There are some practical reasons for this, like variations in the height of the components relative to the mating surface of the heat sink, but also because engineering requirements do not demand pastes in these applications.

The power dissipation difference in the EKP and a microprocessor is around 50-70 times higher in the microprocessor (assuming 250 watts) in approximately the same surface area. That is why thermal transfer efficiency is so important in microprocessor applications. Very high power dissipation and a relatively small surface area for thermal transfer demand paste be used because of its efficiency.

It is critical that the bottom of the PCB be electrically isolated from the EKP base plate. A paste is not going to guarantee electrical isolation because it can be displaced by the clamping force between the PCB and base plate. The only way to guarantee electrical isolation and still transfer heat efficiently is with a pad.

The stock EKP has a relatively inefficient pad with no thermal interface material between the mounting bracket and the EKP base. Improving the internal pad (while maintaining electrical isolation) and increasing thermal transfer efficiency to the ambient environment by mounting a heat sink as discussed above will lower the temperature of the EKP components.

Pastes can be used externally to the EKP, but I would not use a paste internally due to the electrical isolation requirement. Even if the paste is non-conductive, it will still be displaced by the clamping force between the PCB and base plate. A pad is the correct thermal interface material in this application based on the amount of heat generated and the isolation requirement.
 

syn909

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I'll agree that pastes typically are better than pads for heat transfer. One of the reasons is pastes form a thinner layer. They are typically used between flat surfaces like the heat spreader of a microprocessor and the heat sink. Pastes are not used that often in other electronics (look at the VRM on a motherboard or GPU - pads are used here). There are some practical reasons for this, like variations in the height of the components relative to the mating surface of the heat sink, but also because engineering requirements do not demand pastes in these applications.

The power dissipation difference in the EKP and a microprocessor is around 50-70 times higher in the microprocessor (assuming 250 watts) in approximately the same surface area. That is why thermal transfer efficiency is so important in microprocessor applications. Very high power dissipation and a relatively small surface area for thermal transfer demand paste be used because of its efficiency.

It is critical that the bottom of the PCB be electrically isolated from the EKP base plate. A paste is not going to guarantee electrical isolation because it can be displaced by the clamping force between the PCB and base plate. The only way to guarantee electrical isolation and still transfer heat efficiently is with a pad.

The stock EKP has a relatively inefficient pad with no thermal interface material between the mounting bracket and the EKP base. Improving the internal pad (while maintaining electrical isolation) and increasing thermal transfer efficiency to the ambient environment by mounting a heat sink as discussed above will lower the temperature of the EKP components.

Pastes can be used externally to the EKP, but I would not use a paste internally due to the electrical isolation requirement. Even if the paste is non-conductive, it will still be displaced by the clamping force between the PCB and base plate. A pad is the correct thermal interface material in this application based on the amount of heat generated and the isolation requirement.


So how about put lacquer on that part of the board then thermal paste?
 

_e92_

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Oct 7, 2020
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This thread is amazing, and also completely over my head.
Thank you guys for taking the time to share this information.
I am planning to install a fuel it stage 2 bucketless LPFP, also a new regulator just for peace of mind. Then while looking into it I found that people were having issues with the EKP, and that what lead me here.
Currently I am running the EKPM2 and have just received a EKPM3. But as I read through it seems the m2 is better.

So here's my plan and please correct me if this is wrong.
Install the heat transfer pad from the m3 into the m2. Use thermal paste between the ekp and the mounting bracket. Then add a heat sink to the back of the bracket using thermal paste there aswell.
If I have any issues, then I'll add active cooling for the inside of the ekp. I would just add this but I am considered about the amount of space for the fan.
 
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NoGuru

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This thread is amazing, and also completely over my head.
Thank you guys for taking the time to share this information.
I am planning to install a fuel it stage 2 bucketless LPFP, also a new regulator just for peace of mind. Then while looking into it I found that people were having issues with the EKP, and that what lead me here.
Currently I am running the EKPM2 and have just received a EKPM3. But as I read through it seems the m2 is better.

So here's my plan and please correct me if this is wrong.
Install the heat transfer pad from the m3 into the m2. Use thermal paste between the ekp and the mounting bracket. Then add a heat sink to the back of the bracket using thermal paste there aswell.
If I have any issues, then I'll add active cooling for the inside of the ekp. I would just add this but I am considered about the amount of space for the fan.
None of it HAS to be done, it just increases your chances of not having issues.
1. Install the heat transfer pad from the m3 into the m2. New is the best way to go for this.
2. Use thermal paste between the ekp and the mounting bracket. That or a pad will work too. I would use a T-Pad.
3. Then add a heat sink to the back of the bracket using thermal paste there aswell. Yes, or again use a Thermal Pad, just less mess.
4. If I have any issues, then I'll add active cooling for the inside of the ekp. As far as space is concerned, I did a fan mounted on top, then I tried a blower style, and the blower style should have more room.
 
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ajm8127

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So here's my plan and please correct me if this is wrong.
Install the heat transfer pad from the m3 into the m2. Use thermal paste between the ekp and the mounting bracket. Then add a heat sink to the back of the bracket using thermal paste there aswell.
If I have any issues, then I'll add active cooling for the inside of the ekp. I would just add this but I am considered about the amount of space for the fan.

Why would you re-use the M3 pad? I think you should consider the t-Global pad from post 84. Cut it in half with scissors, lay it on the base plate and used an xacto knife to cut it to the correct shape. Before placing it in the final position make sure you remove the protective plastic film from both sides.

Other than that your plan sounds good to me.
 
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_e92_

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Why would you re-use the M3 pad? I think you should consider the t-Global pad from post 84. Cut it in half with scissors, lay it on the base plate and used an xacto knife to cut it to the correct shape. Before placing it in the final position make sure you remove the protective plastic film from both sides.

Other than that your plan sounds good to me.
I will use a new pad. I just thought since the m3 had a better one I would just use it. Should I cut the new pad to the shape of the m2's pad or mimic the shape of the bigger m3 pad to go into the m2.
Also NoGuru good call on the blower style fan. I imagine with the blower style fan I should lay it flat on the top (where the label is on the ekp) having it suck the air out of the module.
Sorry I know I am asking trivial questions, I have zero electronics experience... but I can turn a wrench and I'm willing to learn and try.
 

ajm8127

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I bought this for my thermal pad 145 x 145 x 0.5 mm and 6.0 W/mK for just $15 shipped Never heard of t-global and I dont actually buy its rated spec as major global suppliers don't really have thermal pads 0.5mm over 6.0 W/mK and this would not be the first time a chinese vendor lied about specs. https://www.ebay.com/itm/Arctic-Thermal-Pad-145-x-145-x-0-5-mm-Silicone-Based-Thermal-Pad/172176910308?ssPageName=STRK:MEBIDX:IT&_trksid=p2057872.m2749.l2649

Not sure what to tell you. T-Global is an international thermal management solutions company based in the UK. Digikey is the foremost electronics supplier in the world. This is not some Chinese pad from Amazon or eBay. Specs will vary a bit based on how they are measurement, but I doubt they are lying by a factor of nearly 3. Their thermal conductivity is measured using the ASTM D5470 standard.

What standard does the Arctic pad use? Maybe that is the discrepancy.

Digikey lists 5 manufacturers of silicone based pads with thermal conductivities above 6 W/m-K.

I just thought since the m3 had a better one I would just use it. Should I cut the new pad to the shape of the m2's pad or mimic the shape of the bigger m3 pad to go into the m2.

What makes the M3 one better?

Cut the pad to fit the projection in the base plate. It will be the same shape as the existing M2 pad. See post 84.